1.Classification of magnet joogto ah matoorada iyo arrimaha wadista warshadaha

Waxaa jira noocyo badan, oo leh qaabab iyo cabbirro dabacsan. Marka loo eego shaqada mootada, matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah waxa loo qaybin karaa qiyaas ahaan saddex nooc: koronto-dhaliyeyaasha magnet-ka joogtada ah, matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah, iyo dareemayaasha calaamadaha magnet-ka joogtada ah. Waxaa ka mid ah, matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah inta badan waxa loo qaybiyaa synchronous, DC, iyo stepper.

1) Matoorka isku midka ah ee magnetka joogtada ah:

Qaab dhismeedka istator-ka iyo mabda'a shaqadu waxay la jaan qaadayaan kuwa matoorada aan caadiga ahayn ee AC. Sababo la xiriira arrintiisa sare ee shaqeynta iyo hufnaanta sare, waxay si degdeg ah u horumarisay sannadihii la soo dhaafay, iyadoo si tartiib tartiib ah u bedeshay matoorada AC asynchronous dhaqameed, waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa qalabka warshadaha, qalabka mashiinka, daabacaadda, dunta, caafimaadka iyo qaybaha kale.

2) Magnet DC Matoorka Joogtada ah:

Mabda'a shaqada iyo qaab-dhismeedka waxay la mid yihiin kuwa matoorada DC-ga caadiga ah. Iyada oo lagu saleynayo hababka kala duwan ee isu-socodka, waxa loo qaybin karaa burushka (farsamada farsamada) iyo burush la'aanta (isgaadhsiinta elektarooniga ah). Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa baabuurta korontada, qalabka korontada, qalabka guryaha iyo goobaha kale.

3) Matoorka stepper magnet joogto ah:

Waxay isticmaashaa isdhexgalka ka dhexeeya goobta birlabeedka ee uu dhaliyo magnetka joogtada ah iyo goobta magnetic wareega ah ee uu dhaliyo stator si loo gaaro dhaqdhaqaaq sax ah. Waxay leedahay faa'iidooyinka saxda ah ee saxda ah, xawaaraha jawaabta degdega ah, iyo badbaadinta tamarta, waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa qalabka saxda ah, khadadka wax soo saarka otomaatiga ah, qalabka caafimaadka iyo qaybaha kale.

1.1 Qodobada wadista

1.1.1 dhinaca Product

Mabda'a shaqada ee magnets-ka joogtada ah waa mid sahlan, khasaaraha matoorka si weyn ayaa loo yareeyaa. Guud ahaan, matoorada korantada ee dhaqameedku waxay u baahan yihiin inay ku tiirsanaadaan sahay koronto oo dibadda ah si ay u dhaliyaan xoogga korantada ee koronto-dhaliye, ay bixiyaan koronto bilow ah, ka dibna ay ku tiirsanaadaan danabkooda wax soo saarka si ay u shaqeeyaan. Mabda'a shaqada ee matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah waa mid sahlan, goobta magnetic kaliya waxay u baahan tahay in lagu bixiyo birlab joogto ah.

Marka la barbar dhigo matoorada dhaqameed, faa'iidooyinka matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah ayaa inta badan ka muuqda: ② ma jiro khasaare naxaas ah oo rotor ah; ③ ma jiro birta rotor luminta; ④ Khilaaf dabayl hooseeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in la ogaadaa in qaybta muhiimka ah ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ay tahay in birta magnetic aysan u adkaysan karin heerkulka sare ee joogtada ah. Si looga fogaado xaalada meesha waxqabadka mootada la dhimo ama la tirtiro sababtoo ah demagnetization, heerkulka shaqada ee matoorku wuxuu u baahan yahay in si macquul ah loo xakameeyo.

Saamaynta tamarta-badbaadinta ayaa ah mid muhiim ah oo waxtarka guud waa la hagaajiyay. Hoosta, waxaanu samaynaa falanqayn hawleed gaar ah anagoo kala saarayna noocyada mootada iyo alaabta ceeriin:

1) Xagga noocyada matoorada

Waxaan dooranay matoorada isku-dhafka magnet-ka joogtada ah si loo barbar dhigo matoorada kale ee dhaqameed, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin matoorrada diidmada, matoorada dib-u-dejinta, iyo matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah dhamaantood waa matoorrada isku-dhafka ah. Marka lagu daro tilmaamayaasha, maadaama matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah aysan u baahnayn burush iyo qulqulka kicinta, waxay leeyihiin waxtarka iyo cufnaanta sare ee matoorada dhaqanka. Marka la eego awoodda xad-dhaafka ah, marka laga reebo matoorada DC, oo aad u hooseeya, noocyada kale aad ugama duwana. Hufnaanta iyo qodobka awoodda matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ayaa ah waxqabadka ugu caansan, oo leh hufnaan 85-97%. In kasta oo matoorada yar yar ay caadi ahaan gaari karaan in ka badan 80%, matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin muuqda marka la barbar dhigo 40-60% waxtarka matoorada asynchronous. Marka la eego qodobka awoodda, waxa uu gaadhi karaa in ka badan 0.95, taas oo muujinaysa in saamiga qaybta firfircoon ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ee wadarta hadda jira ay ka weyn tahay noocyada kale, iyo heerka isticmaalka tamarta ayaa ka sarreeya.

2)Sida laga soo xigtay alaabta ceeriin ee matoorka

Marka loo eego xoogga birlabeedka iyo heerka korriinka qalabka birlabeedka joogtada ah ee loo isticmaalo matoorka, matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: bir, ferrite, iyo dhul naadir ah. Waxaa ka mid ah, ferrite iyo naadirka matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah ee dhulka ayaa hadda aad loo isticmaalaa.

Marka la barbar dhigo matoorada dhaqameed, matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ee dhulku waxay leeyihiin qaab dhismeed fudud iyo heer hoose oo guuldarro ah. Isticmaalka birlabadaha joogtada ah ee dhulka naadir waxa ay kordhin kartaa cufnaanta magnetic gap hawo, kordhinta xawaaraha matoorka sida ugu fiican, iyo wanaajinta saamiga awoodda-ilaa-miisaanka. Goobta codsigu waa mid ballaadhan. Khasaaraha kaliya ee matoorada magnet-ka joogtada ah waa kharashkooda oo sarreeya. Qaadashada qiimaha naadirka matoorrada birlabeedka joogtada ah ee dhulka, badanaa waa in ka badan 2.5 jeer ka matoorada dhaqanka.

1.1.2 Dhinaca siyaasadda

Siyaasaduhu waxay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan kor u qaadista horumarinta matoorada magnetka joogtada ah.

1) Warshadaha magnetka ee joogtada ah waxay la kulmaayaan horumar degdeg ah oo ay wadaan siyaasado.

Sida walxaha asaasiga ah ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah, hagaajinta tignoolajiyada iyo caannimada magnets-ka joogtada ah ayaa saameyn muhiim ah ku leh horumarinta matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, dawladdu waxay qaaday tallaabooyin ku habboon xagga taageerada warshadaha, kicinta siyaasadda iyo qaabaynta heerka si ay si firfircoon u dhiirrigeliso codsiga baahsan ee qalabka magnetka joogtada ah iyo kor u qaadida horumarinta iyo ballaarinta matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah.

2) Kobcinta awooda kobaca ee baahida ilaalinta tamarta iyo dhimista qiiqa.

Iyada oo Shiinaha ay xoogga saarayso ilaalinta tamarta iyo ilaalinta deegaanka, horumarka caafimaadka leh ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ayaa keenay fursadaha koritaanka. Tan iyo markii la aasaasay halbeegga cusub ee qaranka sanadka 2020, Shiinuhu hadda ma soo saarayo matooro ka hooseeya heerka caalamiga ah ee IE3, waxaana lagu qasbay inay adeegsato alaabo hufan. Intaa waxaa dheer, "Qorshaha Hagaajinta Waxtarka Tamarta" ee la sii daayay 2021 iyo 2022 waxay soo jeedisay in 2023, wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee tamarta-badbaadinta tamarta sare waxay noqon doontaa 170 milyan kilowatts, iyo saamiga waxtarka sare ee tamarta tamarta ee adeegga. waxay ka badnaan doontaa 20%; sanadka 2025, saamiga cusub ee waxtarka sare leh ee matoorada badbaadinta tamarta ayaa dhaafi doona 70%. Waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa saamiga 1 kilowatt-saac: 0.33 kiiloogaraam, waxay u dhigantaa badbaadinta 15 milyan oo tan oo dhuxul caadi ah iyo dhimista qiiqa kaarboon laba ogsaydh 28 milyan oo tan sannadkii, kaas oo la filayo inuu ku kaxeeyo matoorada magnetka joogtada ah xilli koritaanka degdegga ah .

2.Falanqaynta Silsiladda Warshadaha Magnet Joogtada ah

Raadinta kor ee dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha, waxaan ogaan doonaa in alaabta ugu muhiimsan ee lagama maarmaanka u ah soo saarista matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah ay ka mid yihiin qalabyo kala duwan oo magnetic (sida birta neodymium ee boron boron, ferrite magnetic joogto ah, cobalt samarium, aluminium nickel cobalt, iwm. .), naxaasta, birta, alaabta dahaarka iyo aluminium, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin alaabta magnetic waxtarka sare leh ayaa ah xudunta u ah soo saarista waxqabadka sare ee magnet joogto ah. Wixii ka hooseeya ee warshadaha motor magnet joogto ah, waxa ay inta badan waa beeraha codsiga dhamaadka kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan tamarta dabaysha, baabuurta tamarta cusub, aerospace, warshadaha dunta, daaweynta biyaha, iwm Iyadoo casriyeynta joogto ah ee warshadaha wax soo saarka hoose, koritaanka baahida suuqa codsiga terminal ayaa la filayaa in ay sii kor u soo saarka baaxadda weyn ee matoorada magnet joogto ah.

2.1 Upstream: Qalabka birlabeedka tayada sare leh ayaa gacan ka geysta kharashka, iyaga oo xisaabinaya in ka badan 25%

Alaabta ayaa ka badan kala badh qiimaha guud, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin agabka birlabku door muhiim ah ka ciyaarto hufnaanta mootada. Agabka sare ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah inta badan waxaa ka mid ah alaabta magnetic (sida neodymium iron boron magnets, ferrite magnet joogto ah, samarium cobalt, aluminium nickel cobalt, iwm), xaashi bir silicon, copper, steel, aluminium, iwm. Qalabka Magnetic, xaashida birta ee silicon iyo naxaasta ayaa ah qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee qiimaha alaabta ceeriin, iyaga oo xisaabinaya in ka badan 50% qiimaha. Inkasta oo marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka qiimaha matoorada dhaqameed, iibka bilowga ah, rakibidda iyo dayactirka matoorka kaliya ayaa lagu xisaabiyaa 2.70% dhammaan wareegga nolosha ee matoorka, sababtoo ah arrimo ay ka mid yihiin qiimaha alaabta, tartanka iyo caanka suuqa, soosaarayaasha gawaarida fiiro gaar ah u yeelo alaabta ceeriin.

1) Agabka birta ah:Magnets-yada dhifka ah ee dhulka waxay leeyihiin sifooyin birlabeed heersare ah waxayna aad ugu habboon yihiin waxqabadka sare iyo codsiyada awoodda sare leh. NdFeB iyo magnets-ka cobalt waa codsiyo naadir ah oo dhulka ah oo muhiim u ah qalabka magnetka joogtada ah. Sababo la xiriira kaydadka dhulka naadirka ah ee Shiinaha, wax soo saarka NdFeB ayaa ka dhigan qiyaastii 90% wadarta guud ee adduunka. Tan iyo 2008, wax soo saarka mishiinka magnetka joogtada ah ee Shiinaha ayaa si degdeg ah u kacay, si tartiib tartiib ah u noqday wax soo saarka ugu weyn adduunka, iyo baahida loo qabo alaabta ceeriin ee NdFeB ayaa labanlaabmay intii u dhaxaysay 2008 iyo 2020. Sababo gaar ah ee khayraadka dhulka dhif ah, wax soo saarka iyo ka baaraandegidda NdFeB waa xad. adag, sidaas darteed qiimaha matoorada magnet joogto ah ayaa ka sarreeya kan matoorada dhaqanka. Qalabka magnetic inta badan waxay xisaabiyaan ilaa 30% wadarta qiimaha.

2) Xaashiyaha birta ee Silicon:Inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo qaybta xudunta u ah mishiinka magnetka joogtada ah. Habka diyaarinta adag awgeed, kharashkeedu waa mid aad u sarreeya. Xaashida birta ee Silicon waxay xisaabisaa ilaa 20% wadarta qiimaha.

3) Copper:Inta badan loo isticmaalo sidii qalabka kaari ee matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah, oo xisaabiya qiyaastii 15% ee kharashka guud.

4) Birta:Inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro qaab-dhismeedka iyo walxaha qolofka matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah, oo xisaabinaya ilaa 10% ee kharashka guud.

5) Aluminium:Inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo weel kulaylka, daboolka dhamaadka iyo qaybaha kale ee kala daadinta kulaylka.

6) Qalabka wax soo saarka iyo kharashka qalabka:iyada oo lagu xisaabinayo ilaa 15% wadarta kharashka.

2.2 Hooska hoose: Goobo badan ayaa isku diyaarinaya inay dadaal sameeyaan, awood weyn oo warshaduna waxay sugaysaa in la taabto

Matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah ayaa hadda si weyn loogu isticmaalay meelo kala duwan iyo warshado badan. Ilaa hadda, matoorada magnetka joogtada ah waxay si guul leh u galeen baabuurta, qalabka guriga, qalabaynta warshadaha iyo warshadaha kale, iyagoo gacan xoog leh ka geysanaya hal-abuurnimada tignoolajiyada iyo ballaarinta suuqa. Intaa waxaa dheer, marka la eego muhiimada ay u leedahay horumarinta dhaqaalaha, warshadaha sida petrochemicals, oil and gas, metallurgy, iyo korontada ayaa sidoo kale bilaabay inay si tartiib tartiib ah u isticmaalaan matoorrada magnetka ee joogtada ah. Mustaqbalka, sida isbeddellada warshaduhu ay diiradda u saaraan sirdoonka, otomaatiga, iyo ilaalinta tamarta, codsiga matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ee beeraha hoose ee kala duwan waxay yeelan doonaan awood weyn waxayna sii wadi doontaa inay sii wado horumarka degdega ah.

3. Falanqaynta Suuqa Magnet Joogta ah

3.1 Ku saabsan sahayda iyo baahida

Iyada oo ay horseedayso horumarinta tamarta cusub, baahida ayaa si degdeg ah u koraysa. Soosaarayaasha mishiinada magnetka joogtada ah ee Shiinaha ee dhifka ah ayaa inta badan lagu qaybiyaa Bariga Shiinaha iyo Koonfurta Shiinaha, kuwaas oo qani ku ah kheyraadka dhulka naadir ah isla markaana leh aasaas warshadeed oo xooggan. Waxaa jira baahi xoog leh oo loogu talagalay matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah, taas oo u sahlaysa samaynta silsilad warshadeed oo dhamaystiran. Laga soo bilaabo 2015 ilaa 2021, Shiinaha ee naadirka dhulka ee matoorka joogtada ah ee matoorka wuxuu kordhay 768 milyan unug ilaa 1.525 bilyan unug, iyada oo heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee isku dhafan ee 12.11%, aad uga badan celceliska heerka kobaca micromotors (matoorada leh dhexroor ka yar 160mm ama Awood la qiimeeyay oo ka yar 750mW) oo ah 3.94%.

Thanks to horumarka degdega ah ee goobta tamarta cusub, baahida loo qabo matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah ee goobaha hoose sida tamarta dabaysha iyo baabuurta korontada ayaa si xawli ah u kordheysa sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Sannadaha 2021 iyo 2022, baahida Shiinaha ee matoorada magnetka joogtada ah ee naadirka ah waxay noqon doontaa 1.193 bilyan unug iyo 1.283 bilyan unug, siday u kala horreeyaan, koror sannad-sannadka ah oo ah 7.54%.

3.2 Ku saabsan Cabirka Suuqa

Suuqa matoorka magnetka ee Shiinaha ee joogtada ah wuxuu muujinayaa korriin xoog leh, iyo kor u qaadida goobaha hoose waxay kicisay awoodda suuqa. Dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, suuqa matoorka magnetka joogtada ah ee caalamiga ah ayaa sii waday kobac joogto ah wuxuuna muujiyay isbeddel horumarineed oo rajo leh. Sannadkii 2022, cabbirka suuqu wuxuu gaadhay US$48.58 bilyan, koror sannad-sannadka ka badan 7.96%. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in marka la gaaro 2027, suuqa matoorka magnetka joogtada ah ee caalamiga ahi uu gaari doono US$71.22 bilyan, iyadoo kobaca sanadlaha ah ee isku dhafan uu yahay 7.95%. Oo ay wataan meelaha hoose sida baabuurta tamarta cusub, qaboojiyeyaasha hawada ee isbedbedelka leh, iyo tamarta dabaysha, suuqa matoorka magnetka ee joogtada ah ee Shiinaha ayaa muujinaya korriin degdeg ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, alaabooyinka leh awood kala duwan oo ah 25-100KW ayaa xukuma suuqa.

Suuqa ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u koraya, Shiinaha ayaa hogaaminaya horumarinta warshadahan. Iyada oo la horumarinayo waxqabadka walxaha magnetka joogtada ah iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada mootada, suuqa matoorka magnetka joogtada ah ee caalamiga ah wuxuu ilaalin doonaa kobac joogto ah. Shiinuhu wuxuu sii wadi doonaa inuu sii wado hogaamintiisa suuqa. Mustaqbalka, isdhexgalka ee Delta River Yangtze, horumarinta gobolka galbeedka, cusboonaysiinta isticmaalka, iyo horumarinta siyaasadda siin doonaa dardar xoog leh codsiga baaxadda weyn ee matoorada magnet joogto ah ee suuqa Shiinaha.

4.Muuqaalka Tartanka Caalamiga ah ee Matoorada Magnet Joogtada ah

Horumarinta matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah ee adduunka oo dhan, Shiinaha, Jarmalka iyo Japan waxay noqdeen hoggaamiyeyaal heer sare ah, sax ah oo cusub oo matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah ee sannadahooda khibradda wax soo saarka iyo tiknoolajiyada muhiimka ah.

Shiinuhu wuxuu noqday saldhig muhiim u ah warshadaha mootada magnetka joogtada ah ee caalamiga ah, tartankeeduna wuu sii kordhayaa.

Marka la eego qaabaynta gobolka, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan iyo Anhui waxay noqdeen saldhigyo muhiim u ah warshadaha mishiinada magnetka joogtada ah ee Shiinaha, iyagoo haysta saami suuqeed la taaban karo.

Mustaqbalka, warshadaha matoorka magnetka joogtada ah ee caalamiga ah ayaa keeni doona tartan aad u adag, Shiinaha, oo ah suuqa ugu firfircoon uguna macquulsan adduunka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari doona geeddi-socodkan.

5. Horudhac Anhui Mingteng Matoorka Joogtada ah ee Magnet

Anhui Mingteng Permanent-Magnetic Machinery&Equipment Electric Co., Ltd.https://www.mingtengmotor.com/) waxaa la aasaasay Oktoobar 18, 2007 iyadoo caasimad ka diiwaan gashan tahay RMB 144 milyan. Waxay ku taal Shuangfeng Aagga Horumarinta Dhaqaalaha, Magaalada Hefei, Gobolka Anhui. Waa shirkad tignoolajiyadeed casri ah oo casri ah oo isku xidha cilmi baadhista iyo horumarinta motor magnet joogto ah, wax soo saarka, iibinta iyo adeegyada.

Shirkaddu waxay had iyo jeer diiradda saartaa cilmi-baarista alaabta iyo horumarinta. Waxay leedahay cilmi-baaris xirfadeed magnet joogto ah iyo koox horumarineed oo ka badan 40 qof waxayna la samaysay xiriir iskaashi oo muddo dheer ah jaamacadaha, machadyada cilmi-baarista iyo shirkado waaweyn oo ay dowladdu leedahay. Kooxda R&D waxay qaataan aragtida naqshadaynta mootada casriga ah iyo farsamada naqshadaynta mootada horumarsan. In ka badan toban sano oo ururin farsamo ah ka dib, waxa ay soo saartay ku dhawaad ​​2,000 oo tilmaamo matoorada magnetka joogtada ah sida caadiga ah, inta jeer ee doorsooma, qarxinta-caddaynta, cadaymaha qaraxa inta jeer ee doorsoomayaasha ah, wadista tooska ah, iyo qaraxa-caddaynta taxanaha wadista tooska ah. Waxay si buuxda u fahamsan tahay shuruudaha farsamada ee qalabka wadista kala duwan ee warshadaha kala duwan waxayna si fiican u baratay tiro badan oo naqshadeynta gacanta koowaad ah, soo saarista, tijaabinta, iyo isticmaalka xogta.

Matoorrada birta ee joogtada ah ee korantada sare iyo kuwa hooseeya ee Mingteng ayaa si guul leh loogu hawlgaliyay culaysyo badan sida marawaxadaha, matoorada biyaha, mashiinnada suunka, mishiinada kubbadda, qasayaasha, burburiyaha, qashinka, bambooyinka saliidda, mishiinnada dunta, iwm. , iyo koronto, gaaritaanka saameyn wanaagsan oo tamarta lagu badbaadiyo iyo helitaanka sumcad ballaaran.

Mingteng wuxuu had iyo jeer ku adkaystay hal-abuurnimo madax-bannaan, isagoo u hoggaansamaya siyaasadda shirkadda ee "wax soo saarka fasalka koowaad, maamulka heerka koowaad, adeegyada fasalka koowaad, iyo noocyada heerka koowaad", oo ku habboon nidaamka matoorrada magnetka joogtada ah ee caqliga leh - badbaadinta guud ee xalalka isticmaalayaasha , Dhisidda matoor magnet joogto ah R&D iyo kooxda hal-abuurka codsiga leh saamaynta Shiinaha, iyo ku dadaalaya in ay noqdaan hoggaamiyaha iyo jaangooyooyinka caadiga ah ee Shiinaha ee dhulka dhif warshadaha magnet joogto ah.

Xuquuqda daabacaadda: Maqaalkani waa dib u daabac xiriirkii asalka ahaa:

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/PF9VseLCkGkGywbmr2Jfkw

Maqaalkani ma matalo aragtida shirkadeena. Haddii aad fikrado kala duwan ka qabto, fadlan na sax!