I. Ujeedada iyo muhiimada cabbirida inductance isku mid ah
(1)Ujeedada Cabbiraadda Halbeegyada Farsamaynta Isku-dhafka ah (ie Cross-axis Inductance)
Halbeegyada inductance AC iyo DC waa labada halbeeg ee ugu muhiimsan ee matoorka isku-dhafka ah ee magnet-ka joogtada ah. Heliddooda saxda ah waa shardiga iyo aasaaska xisaabinta sifada mootada, jilitaanka firfircoon iyo xakamaynta xawaaraha. Inductance-ka isku-dhafka ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu xisaabiyo hanti badan oo xasilloon sida factor factor, hufnaanta, torque, armature hadda, awoodda iyo xuduudaha kale. Nidaamka xakamaynta ee matoorka joogtada ah ee magnetka iyadoo la adeegsanayo xakamaynta vector, xuduudaha inductor-ka isku midka ah ayaa si toos ah ugu lug leh algorithm kantaroolka, iyo natiijooyinka cilmi-baarista waxay muujinayaan in gobolka magnetic daciifka ah, qaladka xuduudaha mootada waxay keeni kartaa hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimaada qulqulka iyo awoodda. Tani waxay tusinaysaa muhiimada ay leeyihiin cabirrada inductor-ka isku-dhafka ah.
(2)Dhibaatooyinka lagu xuso cabbiraadda inductance isku mid ah
Si loo helo cufnaanta awoodda sare, qaab dhismeedka matoorada synchronous magnet joogto ah ayaa inta badan loogu talagalay in ay ka sii adag, iyo wareegga magnetic ee matoorku waa ka dheregsan yihiin, taas oo keenta in parameter inductance synchronous ee motor kala duwanaansho la saturation ee wareegga magnetic. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, xuduudaha ayaa isbeddeli doona xaaladaha hawlgalka ee matoorka, si buuxda u leh shuruudaha hawlgalka ee lagu qiimeeyay xuduudaha inductance synchronous si sax ah uma muujin karaan dabeecadda xuduudaha gawaarida. Sidaa darteed, waa lagama maarmaan in la cabbiro qiyamka inductance ee xaaladaha kala duwan ee hawlgalka.
2.matoorka joogtada ah ee magnetka hababka cabbiraadda inductance synchronous
Warqadani waxay ururinaysaa habab kala duwan oo lagu cabbiro inductance isku mid ah oo waxay ka samaysaa isbarbardhig tafatiran iyo falanqayntooda. Hababkan waxa loo qaybin karaa qiyaas ahaan laba nooc oo waaweyn: Imtixaanka culayska tooska ah iyo imtixaan aan toos ahayn. Tijaabada taagan waxa loo sii kala qaybiyaa AC test test iyo DC static test. Maanta, qaybta koowaad ee "Habab Tijaabo Inductor Inductor" ayaa sharxi doona habka tijaabada culeyska.
Suugaanta [1] waxay soo bandhigaysaa mabda'a habka culeyska tooska ah. Matoorada birlabeedka joogtada ah sida caadiga ah waxaa lagu falanqeyn karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo aragtida falcelinta labajibaaran si loo falanqeeyo howlahooda culeyska, iyo jaantusyada wejiga ee koronto-dhaliyaha iyo hawlgalka matoorka ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 1 ee hoose. Xagalka korantada θ ee matoorku waa togan oo E0 ka badan yahay U, xagasha awooda φ waa togan iyadoo I dhaaftay U, iyo xagasha awooda gudaha ψ waa mid togan oo E0 ka badan I.
Jaantuska 1-aad ee jaantuska hawlgalka mootada isku midka ah ee magnet joogto ah
(a) Gobolka koronto-dhaliye (b) Xaaladda matoorka
Sida laga soo xigtay jaantuska wejigan waxaa la heli karaa: marka hawlgalka load motor magnet joogto ah, qiyaasay no-load excitation electromotive Force E0, danab terminal armature U, hadda I, awood factor xagal φ iyo xagal korantada θ iyo wixii la mid ah, waxaa la heli karaa hadda armature ee dhidibka toosan, cross-dhidibka Id = Isin (θ - φ) iyo Xθ) laga helo isla'egta soo socota:
Marka koronto-dhaliye uu socdo:
Xd=[E0-Ucosθ-IR1cos(θ-φ)]/Id (1)
Xq=[Usinθ+IR1sin(θ-φ)]/Iq (2)
Marka matoorku socdo:
Xd=[E0-Ucosθ+IR1cos(θ-φ)]/Id (3)
Xq=[Usinθ-IR1sin(θ-φ)]/Iq (4)
Xuduudaha joogtada ah ee mishiinnada isku-dhafka magnet-ka joogtada ah ayaa isbeddela marka xaaladaha shaqada ee matoorku ay isbeddelaan, iyo marka cududku isbeddelo, labadaba Xd iyo Xq ayaa isbeddela. Sidaa darteed, marka la go'aaminayo xuduudaha, hubi inaad sidoo kale muujiso xaaladaha hawlgalka mootada. (Qaddarka beddelka iyo usheeda dhexe ee hadda taagan ama xaglaha awoodda gudaha ee hadda taagan)
Dhibaatada ugu weyn marka la cabbirayo cabbirrada soo-jiidashada ee habka culeyska tooska ah waxay ku jirtaa cabbirka xagasha awoodda θ. Sida aynu ognahay, waa farqiga xagal wajiga u dhexeeya danab terminal motor U iyo xoog koronto kicinta. Marka matoorku uu si adag u shaqeeyo, danab dhamaadka si toos ah ayaa loo heli karaa, laakiin E0 si toos ah looma heli karo, markaa waxaa lagu heli karaa kaliya hab aan toos ahayn si loo helo calaamad xilliyeed leh oo la mid ah E0 iyo farqi go'an oo lagu beddelo E0 si loo sameeyo isbarbardhigga wejiga ee danab dhamaadka.
Hababka dadban ee soo jireenka ah waa:
1) in Afyare armature ee motor hoos imtixaanka garoonka lagu aasay iyo gariiradda asalka motor ee dhowr markooda silig ganaax sida gariiradda cabbirka a, si ay u helaan isla weji la mid ah dabaylaha motor hoos signal isbarbardhigga danab imtixaanka, iyada oo la barbardhigo xagal factor awood la heli karaa.
2) Ku rakib matoor isku mid ah shafka matoorka marka la tijaabinayo kaas oo la mid ah matoorka la tijaabinayo. Habka cabbiraadda wejiga danabka [2], oo hoos lagu tilmaami doono, waxay ku salaysan tahay mabda'an. Jaantuska isku xirka tijaabada ah ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 2. TSM waa magnetka joogtada ah ee synchronous ee tijaabada, ASM waa matoor isku mid ah oo isku mid ah kaas oo sidoo kale loo baahan yahay, PM waa dhaqdhaqaaqa koowaad, kaas oo noqon kara matoor synchronous ama DC motor, B waa biriiga, iyo DBO waa dual beam oscilloscope ah. Marka TSM ay ku xiran tahay sahay koronto oo saddex waji ah, oscilloscope-ku wuxuu helayaa calaamadaha VTSM iyo E0ASM. sababtoo ah labada matoor waa isku mid oo si isku mid ah isku shaandheyn, culeyska culeyska la'aanta ee TSM ee tijaabiyaha iyo culeyska culeyska ee ASM, kaas oo u shaqeeya sida koronto-dhaliye, E0ASM, ayaa ku jira marxaladda. Sidaa darteed, xagasha awooda θ, ie, farqiga wajiga u dhexeeya VTSM iyo E0ASM waa la qiyaasi karaa.
Jaantuska 2 Jaantuska fiilooyinka tijaabada ah ee lagu cabbirayo xagasha awooda
Habkan inta badan looma isticmaalo, sababta oo ah: ① ee usheeda dhexe ee rotor ku rakiban matoor yar oo synchronous ama transformer rotary loo baahan yahay in la cabbiro matoorka uu leeyahay laba usheeda dhexe fidsan dhamaadka, taas oo inta badan ay adag tahay in la sameeyo. ② Saxnaanta cabbiraadda xagasha korantadu waxay inta badan ku xidhan tahay nuxurka is-waafajinta sarreeya ee VTSM iyo E0ASM, iyo haddii nuxurka is-waafajinta uu aad u weyn yahay, saxnaanta cabbirka waa la dhimi doonaa.
3) Si loo hagaajiyo saxnaanta tijaabada xagasha awooda iyo fududaynta isticmaalka, hadda isticmaalka badan ee dareemayaasha booska si loo ogaado calaamada booska rotor, ka dibna isbarbardhigga wejiga ee habka ugu dambeeya ee danabka
Mabda'a aasaasiga ah waa in la rakibo saxan photoelectric la saadaaliyay ama ka muuqan on usheeda dhexe ee motor synchronous magnet joogto ah lagu qiyaasay, tirada godadka si siman loo qaybiyey on disk ama calamadaha madow iyo caddaan iyo tirada lammaane ee ulo of motor synchronous hoos imtixaanka. Marka saxanku ku wareego hal kacaan oo matoorka ah, dareemaha sawir-qaadista wuxuu helayaa calaamadaha booska rotor wuxuuna abuuraa p garaacyada korantada hooseeya. Marka matoorku si isku mid ah u socdo, inta jeer ee calaamada booska rotor-ka waxay la mid tahay inta jeer ee danab terminal armature, iyo wajigiisa ayaa ka tarjumaysa wajiga xoogga electromotive excitation. Calaamadaha garaaca garaaca is-waafajinta waxaa lagu xoojiyey qaabaynta, marxaladda la beddelay iyo tijaabinta korantada hubaynta matoorka ee isbarbardhigga wajiga si loo helo farqiga wajiga. Deji marka matoorka wax-qabad la'aan, farqiga wejigu waa θ1 (qiyaastii in wakhtigan xagal korantada θ = 0), marka culeysku socdo, farqiga wejiga waa θ2, ka dibna farqiga wajiga θ2 - θ1 waa cabbirka magnet joogto ah oo isku xiran qiimaha xagasha awoodda culeyska. Jaantuska jaantuska waxa lagu muujiyay sawirka 3.
Jaantuska 3 Jaantuska jaantuska cabbiraadda xagasha awooda
Sida disk photoelectric labis dahaarka leh madow iyo caddaan calaamad waa ka sii adag, iyo marka la qiyaasay magnet joogto ah ulaha motor synchronous waqti isku mid ah calaamadaynta disk ma noqon karaan mid caadi ah oo kasta oo kale. Si ay u fududaato, waxa kale oo lagu tijaabin karaa in usheeda dhexe ee motor magnet joogto ah ku duudduubay wareeg ah cajalad madow, dahaarka leh calaamad cad, iftiinka dareemaha photoelectric iftiimay iftiinka soo ururiyey in goobada this on dusha cajalad ah. Sidan oo kale, mar kasta oo ka mid ah matoorka, shidma photoelectric in transistor photosensitive ay sabab u tahay in la helo iftiin ka tarjumaysa iyo conduction hal mar, taasoo keentay in signal garaaca korantada, ka dib cod-weyneyn iyo qaabaynta si aad u hesho calaamad isbarbardhigga E1. laga soo bilaabo dhamaadka dabaylaha motor armature armature of danab kasta oo laba-weji ah, by transformer danab PT hoos danab hoose, diray in comparator danab, formation of wakiilka wajiga leydi ee signal garaaca garaaca U1. U1 marka loo eego inta jeer ee p-qaybinta, isbarbardhigga wejiga isbarbardhigga si loo helo isbarbardhigga u dhexeeya marxaladda iyo isbarbardhigga wajiga. U1 marka loo eego inta jeer ee p-qaybinta, isbarbardhiga wejiga si loo barbar dhigo farqiga wejigiisa iyo calaamada.
Nuxurka habka cabbiraadda xagasha awooda sare waa in farqiga u dhexeeya labada cabbir la sameeyo si loo helo xagasha awooda. Si looga fogaado labada tiro ee la dhimay oo loo dhimo saxnaanta, cabbirka farqiga wajiga culeyska θ2, dib u noqoshada calaamadda U2, farqiga wejiga la qiyaasay waa θ2'= 180 ° - θ2, xagasha awoodda θ=180 ° - (θ1 + θ2'), taas oo u beddeleysa labada qiyaasood ee wejiga hoos u dhigista. Jaantuska tirada wejiga waxa lagu muujiyay sawirka 4.
Jaantuska. 4 Mabda'a habka isku-darka wejiga ee xisaabinta faraqa wejiga
Hab kale oo la hagaajiyay ma isticmaalo qaybinta soo noqnoqoshada signalka mawjada leydi ee danab, laakiin isticmaal microcomputer ah si ay isku mar u qoraan mawjada signal, siday u kala horreeyaan, iyada oo loo marayo interface-ga, diiwaan danab la'aan iyo booska signal mowjadaha rotor U0, E0, iyo sidoo kale danab load iyo booska rotor leydi mawjad signals U1, E1, ka dibna u dhaqaaqo mid kasta oo ka mid ah record hirka kale. ee labada korantada ee calaamadaha waveform leydi ah ayaa si buuxda isku dul saaran, marka farqiga wejiga u dhexeeya labada rotor Farqiga wejiga ee u dhexeeya labada calaamadaha booska rotor waa xagasha awoodda; ama u guuri qaabka mawjada labada mawjadaha calaamada booska rotor-ka, markaa farqiga wejiga ee u dhexeeya labada calaamadood ee danabku waa xagasha awooda.
Waa in la tilmaamaa in hawlgalka dhabta ah ma-load ee motor synchronous magnet joogto ah, xagal awood ma eber, gaar ahaan matoorrada yar yar, ay sabab u tahay shaqo la'aan-load ah khasaaro lahayn (oo ay ku jiraan stator khasaaro naxaas, khasaaraha birta, khasaaraha farsamo, khasaaraha baadi) waa xad weyn, haddii aad u malaynayso in xagal koronto ma-load eber ah, waxay keeni doontaa qalad weyn oo loo isticmaalo xagal ka mid ah matoorrada, taas oo ka dhigaysa awoodda DC ee gobolka. matoor, jihada isteerinka iyo isteerinka mootada tijaabinta oo joogto ah, oo leh isteerinka mootada DC, matoorka DC wuxuu ku socon karaa isla gobolka, matoorka DC-na waxaa loo isticmaali karaa matoor tijaabo ah. Tani waxay ka dhigi kartaa matoorka DC inuu ku shaqeeyo gobolka mootada, isteerinka iyo tijaabada mootada isteerinka si waafaqsan mootada DC si ay u bixiso dhammaan khasaaraha ka soo baxa mishiinka tijaabada (oo ay ku jiraan luminta birta, luminta farsamada, luminta luminta, iwm.). Habka xukunku waa in tijaabinta awoodda gelinta mashiinka ay la mid tahay isticmaalka naxaasta stator, taas oo ah, P1 = pCu, iyo danab iyo hadda marxaladda. Markan qiyaasta θ1 waxay u dhigantaa xagasha awoodda eber.
Soo koobid: faa'iidooyinka habkan:
① Habka culeyska tooska ah wuxuu cabbiri karaa inductance saturation-ka joogtada ah ee hoos yimaada xaaladaha kala duwan ee culeyska, umana baahna istaraatijiyad xakameyn ah, taas oo dareen leh oo fudud.
Sababtoo ah cabbirka si toos ah ayaa loo sameeyay culeyska, saameynta saturation iyo saameynta demagnetization hadda ee xuduudaha inductance ayaa la tixgelin karaa.
Khasaaraha habkan:
① Habka culeyska tooska ah wuxuu u baahan yahay in la cabbiro tiro badan isla waqti isku mid ah (kort saddex-waji ah, hadda saddex-waji, xagasha awoodda, iwm), cabbirka xagasha korantada ayaa aad u adag, iyo saxnaanta imtixaanka tiro kasta ayaa saameyn toos ah ku leh saxnaanta xisaabinta cabbirka, iyo dhammaan noocyada khaladaadka ee imtixaanka cabbirka waa sahlan tahay in la ururiyo. Sidaa darteed, marka la isticmaalayo habka tooska ah ee culeyska si loo cabbiro xuduudaha, dareenka waa in la bixiyaa falanqaynta qaladka, oo dooro saxnaanta sare ee qalabka tijaabada.
② Qiimaha kicinta tamarta korantada E0 ee habkan cabbiraadda waxaa si toos ah loogu beddelay korantada korantada ee matoorka iyada oo aan wax culeys ah la saarin, qiyaastani waxay sidoo kale keentaa khaladaad dabiici ah. Sababtoo ah, barta hawlgalka ee magnet joogto ah ayaa isbeddelaya culeyska, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in qulqulka stator ee kala duwan, xajmiga iyo cufnaanta qulqulka ee magnetka joogtada ah ay kala duwan yihiin, sidaas awgeed natiijada kicinta tamarta korontada ayaa sidoo kale ka duwan. Sidan oo kale, ma aha mid aad sax u ah in lagu beddelo xoogga koronto-dhaliyaha kicinta ee xaaladda culeyska leh xoogga koronto-dhaliyaha oo aan culeys lahayn.
Tixraacyo
[1] Tang Renyuan iyo al. Aragtida motor magnet joogto ah casriga ah iyo design. Beijing: Mashiinnada Warshadda. Maarso 2011
[2] JF Gieras, M. Wing. Tignoolajiyada Matoorka Magnet Joogta ah, Naqshadeynta iyo Codsiyada, ed 2nd. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2002: 170 ~ 171
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